Privious Issue

Volume 44 Number 2 (2013.6)

Special Feature

Powertrain and Environment

Part I. Special Feature

2. Molecular Dynamics Analysis of Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Oil Film(715kB)

pages 1-10
Hitoshi Washizu, Shuzo Sanda and Toshihide Ohmori

This paper reviews the recent research regarding the non-equilibrium all-atom molecular dynamics studies of the traction properties of hydrocarbon fluids under elastohydrodynamic lubrication. The effect of the oil film thickness, shear rate and pressure were studied. The dynamic mechanisms of the momentum transfer on layers of fluid molecules are analyzed focusing on the intermolecular interactions and intramolecular interactions.
3. Air Quality and Vehicle Exhaust Impact(3,601kB)

pages 11-23
Hiroaki Minoura

The impact of vehicle exhaust on ambient ultrafine particles was investigated from the aspect of nucleation, condensation, and evaporation processes at a roadside atmosphere. The ultrafine particles relationship to traffic environment, affect on the urban background and relationship with photochemical reaction, particle growth, and source contribution to particles were studied.

4. Low Emissions and High-efficiency Diesel Combustion Using Highly Dispersed Spray with Restricted In-cylinder Swirl and Squish Flows(3,427kB)

pages 25-41
Kazuhisa Inagaki, Jun'ichi Mizuta, Takayuki Fuyuto, Takeshi Hashizume, Hirokazu Ito, Hiroshi Kuzuyama, Tsutomu Kawae and Masaaki Kono

A new clean diesel combustion concept has been proposed and its excellent performance with respect to gas emissions and fuel economy were demonstrated using diesel engines. NOx emissions in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) can be reduced drastically to less than 1/4 of the level of a conventional engine, or less than half of the Euro 6 standard without deteriorating fuel consumption, full-load torque, or cold-condition performance.
5. Combustion Visualization Using Newly-developed Optically Accessible Single-cylinder Engines(1,348kB)

pages 43-53
Takayuki Fuyuto, Yoshiaki Hattori, Taketoshi Fujikawa and Kazuhiro Akihama

We have developed a new generation of optically accessible engines with a wider field of view and which can operate at higher speeds as well as under higher loads. This paper provides a visualization of flame propagation in SI combustion at 5000 rpm and CO-LIF imaging in diesel combustion with multiple injections.

6. Transmission through Metal-dielectric Hole Array and Applications to Optical Devices(1,202kB)

pages 55-59
Takayuki Matsui, Atsushi Miura, Daisuke Inoue, Tsuyoshi Nomura and Hisayoshi Fujikawa

Transmission phase control and spectral filtering through a stacked metal-dielectric sub-wavelength hole array (SHA) are presented. Laterally propagating surface plasmon polaritons are closely related to transmission through an SHA, and the periodicity of the holes and hole shape affect the transmission properties. In this article, we present our recent activities on transmission through an SHA and applications to optical devices.
7. First-principles Study of Gum-metal Alloys: Mechanism of Ideal Strength(1,153kB)

pages 61-68
Naoyuki Nagasako, Ryoji Asahi and Jürgen Hafner

We have predicted the ideal tensile and shear strength of gum-metal approximant, G1-type Ti₃Nb model structure, by the first-principles method. The ideal shear strength was found to be 1.45-1.65 GPa, which is very close to the experimentally measured strength of gum-metal nanopillars, 1.7 GPa. Thus, it is theoretically confirmed that gum metal should be deformed by near ideal strength.